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Study on the Detection of Dairy Cows’ Self-Protective Behaviors Based on Vision Analysis 时间:2018-11-21 14:20 来源:未知作者:admin 点击: 次 Abstract:The study of the self-protective behaviors of dairy cows suffering dipteral insect infestation is important for evaluating the breeding environment and cows’ selective breeding. The current practices for measuring diary cows’ self-protective behaviors are mostly by human observation, which is not only tedious but also inefficient and inaccurate. In this paper, we develop an automatic monitoring system based on video analysis. First, an improved optical flow tracking algorithm based on Shi-Tomasi corner detection is presented. By combining the morphological features of head, leg, and tail movements, this method effectively reduces the number of Shi-Tomasi points, eliminates interference from background movement, reduces the computational complexity of the algorithm, and improves detection accuracy. The detection algorithm is used to calculate the number of tail, leg, and head movements by using an artificial neural network. The accuracy range of the tail and head reached [0.88, 1] and the recall rate was [0.87, 1]. The method proposed in this paper which provides objective measurements can help researchers to more effectively analyze dairy cows’ self-protective behaviors and the living environment in the process of dairy cow breeding and management.
1. Introduction
In recent years, the income of individual dairy cow breeders has declined due to the increase in feed prices and labor costs. This has led to the rapid development of large-scale farming [1]. Although large-scale centralized breeding has many advantages, it also brings many new problems. In particular, excessive concentration of excreta causes a large number of harmful dipteral insects, which attack and cause stress to dairy cows. This not only causes changes in the normal behavior of cows, but also causes decreases in diet and milk production and imbalances in homeostasis and weakens immunity. The spread of disease through bites puts a great constraint on the health and productivity of dairy cows and affects the development of the dairy industry [2–4]. Self-protective behavior describes the instinct of animals to protect their own body and maintain stable physiological indices. Studies show that when dipteral insects invade, dairy cows exhibit defensive self-protective behaviors such as tail swishing, head throwing, leg stamping, ear twitching, and skin twitching [5]. There is a positive correlation between the self-protective behaviors of dairy cows and the number of dipteral insects irritating dairy cows’ skin. Observing the behavior of dairy cows helps to understand the activities and living patterns of cows under different living conditions and to predict their future behaviors [6]. The research on the self-protective behaviors of dairy cows is helpful to evaluate the breeding environment and animal welfare status, which has great practical significance.
The milk production of dairy cows differs greatly among species. This is determined by the individual temperament types of dairy cows [7]. The team of Ao Ri proposed that the degree to which dairy cows are affected by insects is related to temperament type. Even if cows of different temperament types are kept under the same environmental conditions, the self-protective behaviors displayed when exposed to insects have obvious differences [8]. It is believed that the study of the differences in the self-protective behaviors of dairy cows is of great significance for temperament breeding. At present, most of the research in this area is based on artificial observation methods [2–8], which usually requires at least two people. This manual observation method has high work intensity and lower efficiency and accuracy, which restricts the progress of the research.