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论文范文
1. Introduction In the field of product design, the study of the correlation between Kansei engineering [1] and the Kano model [2] has been vigorously advocated, and the subjective emotion of the consumer has been valued. As a technology for new product development oriented to a consumer’s feelings, Kansei engineering was defined as an art which embodies the feeling or image of the consumer of the product into the design elements and has been successfully applied to product design to explore the relationship between a consumer’s feelings and product design [1]. Kansei was a Japanese word that meant a consumer's psychological feeling and image of a new product [3]. Kansei is usually expressed via adjectives rich in emotional connotations, for example, beautiful, romantic, fantastic, and comfortable [4]. The Kansei image is a consumer-oriented concept, and it is a type of psychological sensation of a product from consumers’ cognition of emotion [5]. Obtaining the related information for a product’s Kansei image is helpful for designers to orientate a new product during the process of product design [6]. Kansei images are depicted as the set of Kansei words [7]. Consumers’ emotional demands can be described via the forms of Kansei image preference and Kansei image weight [7]. Smith and Fu [8] explored the relationship between the presentation image designs of an instrument panel and drivers’ Kansei images, so as to build a prediction model that describes the relationship between the representative Kansei images and physical image design properties of the instrument panel. Tang et al. [9] put forward a set of methods to the product image survey and retrieval based on Kansei engineering. To consolidate consumers’ emotional requirements, Kansei engineering advocators suggested a new perspective on human emotions—the use of Kansei words or adjectives to represent various emotions [10]. Kansei engineering is used to investigate the relationship between product design elements and Kansei images. The general idea is to select representative adjectives from numerous vocabularies. Then, combined with experimental samples, a semantic differential method is applied to ask for a customer’s feelings. However, this type of score reflects only a consumer’s feelings about a particular product; it does not really reflect the preference for the product. Thus, products that are designed according to the resulting product design procedure had a limited capability for controlling consumer satisfaction. In the course of innovation and new product development, evaluating consumer demands using the Kano model should be an important component. Kano et al. [2] developed a two-dimensional diagram to present the relationship between consumer satisfaction and fulfilling demand degree. On the basis of consumer reaction, indexes are categorized with the Kano model as “Must-Be,” “one-dimensional,” and “attractive” qualities. Ted [11] classified the emotional demand levels of the modeling design as the basic level, the expectation level, and the excitement level, based on the Kano model classification method. Yadav et al. [12] evaluated the artistic attributes of automobile shape and asked testees to evaluate twelve artistic attributes that impact the shape of an automobile using a Kano two-way questionnaire. For customers who are not sure about their answers to a certain product attribute, investigation data achieved using the Kano model is not accurate [13]. Lee and Huang [13] developed the Fuzzy Kano Model Questionnaire. Compared with the traditional Kano model, the Fuzzy Kano Model Questionnaire can express consumer feelings better and assist designers in understanding consumer demand more accurately. 
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