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论文范文
1. Introduction Over the last decades, engineers are more aware of the environment and the limited resource, which has promoted the usage of natural fibers in polymer reinforcement. A huge number of natural fibers like sisal, kenaf, hem, flax, coconut, bamboo, and banana have been studied. Among these natural fibers, coconut fibers have gained popularity because of the cost-effective and high mechanical properties compared with other fibers, for example, bamboo or flax fibers [1]. Coconut fiber is extracted from the outer shell of coconut. More than 500,000 tons of coconut fibers were produced annually worldwide. Reis [2] reported that coconut fibers increased the fracture toughness of concrete composite. The coconut fibers even showed a better flexural property than that of glass and carbon fibers. Baruah and Talukdar [3] reported that the compressive, tensile, and shear strengths of coconut fiber-reinforced concrete (CFRC) increased about 13.7%, 22.9%, and 32.7% compared with those of plain concrete (PC), respectively. CFRC specimens remain intact due to the bridging effect of coconut fibers following a splitting test. Islam et al. [4] found that the addition of 0.5% coconut fibers by volume enhanced the flexural strength of normal concrete and high-strength concrete composite by 60% and 6%, respectively. Their research also indicated that the ductility and toughness of both normal- and high-strength concrete increased with a larger volume fraction content of coconut fibers. Hasan et al. [5] studied the lightweight concrete structure using coconut fibers as reinforcement. Ali et al. [6] examined the effects of coconut fiber lengths and fiber contents on the mechanical properties of concrete. To overcome possible shortcomings of fibers, fibers can be embedded in a polymer matrix to fabricate a composite called fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP). The most popularly used high-strength fibers are carbon fiber, glass fiber, and basalt fiber. In comparison to other fibers, basalt fiber has superior characteristics, that is, high strength to weight ratio, excellent ductility and durability, high thermal resistance, good corrosion resistance, and cost-effectiveness, and it has been investigated for decades by a number of researchers [7–13]. Basalt fiber-reinforced polymer (BFRP) composite has also been employed in practice, for example, for post-earthquake rehabilitation and strengthening. Lopresto et al. [14] studied the mechanical properties of BFRP and glass FRP (GFRP) composites. Their results show that BFRP has a higher Young’s modulus, compressive and bending strength, higher impact force resistance, and energy absorption capacity than GFRP. Wu et al. [15] investigated the tensile properties of basalt fibers and epoxy composites in corrosive environment. They found that the failure at the interface between the fibers and the resin governs the fracture properties of BFRP. They [16] also studied the fatigue behavior of different fiber-reinforced polymers made of carbon, glass, basalt, and hybrid fibers. The results have shown that the tensile modulus of the fiber affects the failure modes of composite coupons. Colombo et al. [17] investigated the static properties of BFRP, manufactured by vacuum infusion process and hand layup process. They also investigated the mechanical properties of different polymer matrices. Chen et al. [18] examined the quasi-static and dynamic tensile properties of BFRP. They found that the tensile strength, failure strain, and elastic modulus increase rapidly with the strain rate. 
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